Diabetics Benefit From Aerobics, Weight Training Combined

According to a study published in JAMA, among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, a combination of aerobic and resistance training compared with the nonexercise control group improved hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels (2010;304(20):2253-2262). In the randomized controlled trial conducted at Louisiana State University, 262 sedentary men and women in Louisiana with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c levels of 6.5 percent or higher were enrolled in the nine-month exercise program between April 2007 and August 2009. A total of 41 participants were assigned to the nonexercise control group, 73 to resistance training three days a week, 72 to aerobic exercise in which they expended 12 kcal/kg per week; and 76 to combined aerobic and resistance training in which they expended 10 kcal/kg per week and engaged in resistance training twice a week.

The study included 63 percent women and 47.3 percent nonwhite participants who were a mean (SD) age of 55.8 years (8.7 years) with a baseline HbA1c level of 7.7 percent. Compared with the control group, the absolute mean change in HbA1c in the combination training exercise group was –0.34 percent. The mean changes in HbA1c were not statistically significant in either the resistance training or the aerobic groups compared with the control group. Only the combination exercise group improved maximum oxygen consumption compared with the control group. All exercise groups reduced waist circumference from –1.9 to –2.8 cm compared with the control group. The resistance training group lost a mean of –1.4 kg fat mass and combination training group lost a mean of –1.7 compared with the control group. This was not achieved by aerobic or resistance training alone.

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