Breast Cancer Patients With Diabetes at Higher Risk

Having both diseases greatly increases the chances of dying, review finds

Having both breast cancer and diabetes greatly increases the chances of dying, new research shows.

Researchers conducted a meta-analysis, or pooled analysis, of previously published studies that looked at how breast cancer patients with diabetes fared.

Six of seven studies found pre-existing diabetes was associated with significantly higher long-term, all-cause mortality. Specifically, the studies showed breast cancer patients with diabetes were nearly 50 percent more likely to die than those who didn't have diabetes.

But much remains unknown, the study authors said, noting that it was premature to conclude that diabetes prevention or improved blood glucose control would lead to a better prognosis. The data didn't look at the specific causes of death, nor does the research establish whether having diabetes actually caused more breast cancer deaths.

"It's basically a signal that there may be a stronger association between diabetes and breast cancer mortality than we have appreciated," said lead study author Dr. Kimberly Peairs, an assistant professor of medicine at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore. "The next step is to determine if there is causality between diabetes and breast cancer mortality."

The study, supported by grants from the U.S. National Institutes of Health, the American Cancer Society and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, is published in the January issue of the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

The reason why breast cancer patients with diabetes are more likely to do poorly isn't known, but several studies in the meta-analysis offer some clues.

One study, for example, found that women with type 2 diabetes tended to have their breast cancer diagnosed later than those without diabetes.

Women with pre-existing diabetes may also be sicker overall than women without diabetes. That may make them less able to handle the harsh chemotherapy drugs, or may prompt doctors to treat their cancer less aggressively because of concerns about their overall health, Peairs said.

One study the team reviewed showed that women with diabetes had more adverse events from chemotherapy, while another demonstrated that women with diabetes tended to receive less aggressive treatment, Peairs said.

There could also be a biological cause for the increased mortality risk. High levels of insulin may stimulate tumor growth, said Dr. Julia Smith, director of the breast cancer screening and prevention program at NYU Cancer Institute.

In people with type 2 diabetes, the cells become resistant to insulin, leading to rising blood sugar levels as well as more insulin circulating throughout the body.

"Insulin regulation, obesity and diabetes [are] critical in general health," Smith said. "I can't conclude that controlling insulin will modify anything about breast cancer, but it tells us we should be looking in those areas and there may be something very important."

About 24 million U.S. residents, or 8 percent of the adult population, had diabetes in 2007, according to background information in the article. Prior research also shows that diabetics are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer.

Women should seek to maintain a body mass index of about 25, limit consumption of animal fats, and exercise to prevent diabetes and reduce cancer risk, Smith said.

And women who already have diabetes should make sure they are controlling it, while oncologists and physicians treating patients with diabetes should make sure they are coordinating care, Peairs noted.

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40,900 American Women Will Die From Breast Cancer This Year…

40,900 American Women Will Die From Breast Cancer This Year…

Women considered most at risk for breast cancer need to get mammograms and better care... http://breastcancercare.nittygritty.info/: - According to cancer care organisations the number of women aged 50 to 69 requiring regular breast screening has increased by 3.3 per cent this year. But the number receiving a mammogram has levelled off at about 60 per cent.

This has caused many health care professionals to call for greater effort to be focused on raising screening rates among vulnerable women, especially those living in poverty.

"Breast cancer affects one in eight women and kills more women in the United States than lung cancer", accordng to researchers.

Another study published recently in the Archives of Internal Medicine, finds that postmenopausal women with higher levels of white blood cells have a higher risk of developing and dying from specific types of cancer. They have identified a new gene that, if mutated, may increase a woman's risk of breast cancer by more than a third.

The gene, HMMR, interacts with the well-known breast cancer gene BRCA1 and causes genetic instability which interferes with cell division, which then could lead to the development of breast cancer.

"Developing breast cancer at a young age is very worrying in terms of survival," explained lead researcher Dr J van der Hage.

"Women with higher WBC levels have increased risks of breast, colorectal, endometrial, and lung cancers, as well as an increased risk of overall cancer mortality," he said.

Of course the big question is: can you reduce your risk of breast cancer?

The answer to this question is complex, yet there is a clear link between obesity and the development of cancer.

An extensive study conducted by the American Cancer Institute involving 750,000 people showed that obesity significantly increased the risk of cancer developing in the following organs: breast, colon, ovaries, uterus, pancreas, kidneys and gallbladder.

Michael Thun, MD, vice-president of epidemiology and surveillance research for the American Cancer Society (ACS) says: "women who are obese after menopause have a 50% higher relative risk of breast cancer."

There is evidence that cancer rates in developed countries are increasing at 5 to 15 times faster than developing countries. A major contributor to this alarming reality has proven to be diet.

In populations where the diet consists mostly of fresh fruit and vegetables and whole grains - in contrast to the typical Western diet of fatty meats, refined flours, oils and sugars - the risk of cancer is much lower.

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